1. W. Lanouette, B. Szilard, Genius in the Shadows: A Biography of Leo Szilard (New York, Toronto, 1992)
   
2. B. T. Feld, G. W. Weiss Szilard (eds), The Collected Papers of Leo Szilard: Scientific Papers, (London, England and Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press 1972)
   
3. Ibid.
   
4. A. Novick, Introduction to the biological papers, Op. cit.
   
5. Here is the list of the biological papers. In the text I refer only to the dates of publication or their page numbers in the Collected Papers: A. Novick, L. Szilard, "Experiments on Light-Reactivation of Ultra-violet Inactivated Bacteria", Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 1949. 35:591-600. - A. Novick, L. Szilard, "Description of the Chemostat", Science 1950. 112:715-716. - A. Novick, L. Szilard, "Experiments with the Chemostat on Spontaneous Mutations of Bacteria" Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 1950. 36:708-719. - A. Novick, L. Szilard, "Virus Strains of Identical Phenotype but Different Genotype", Science 1951 113:34-35. - A. Novick, L. Szilard, "Genetic Mechanisms in Bacteria and Bacterial Viruses, I: Experiments on Spontaneous and Chemically Induced Mutations of Bacteria Growing in the Chemostat", Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 1951 16:337-343. - A. Novick, L. Szilard, "Anti-Mutagens", Nature 1952 170:926-927. - A. Novick, L. Szilard, "II. Experiments with the Chemostat on the Rates of Amino Acid Synthesis in Bacteria", in: Dynamics of Growth Processes (Princeton: Princeton University Press 1954) pp. 21-32.
   - M. S. Fox, L. Szilard, "A Device for Growing Bacterial Populations Under Steady State Conditions", Journal of General Physiology 1955 39:261-266. - L. Szilard, "On the Nature of the Aging Process", Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 1959 45:30-45. - L. Szilard, "A Theory of Aging", Nature (Letter) 1959 184:957-958.
   - L. Szilard, "The Control of the Formation of Specific Proteins in Bacteria and in Animal Cells", Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 1960 46:277-292. - L. Szilard, "The Molecular Basis of Antibody Formation", Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 1960 46:293-302. - L. Szilard, "Dependence of the Sex Ratio at Birth on the Age of the Father", Nature (Letter) 1960 186:649-650. - L. Szilard, "On Memory and Recall", Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 1964 51:1092-1099.
   
6. S. R. Weart, G. Weiss Szilard, Leo Szilard: His Version of the Facts (London, England and Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press 1978)
   
7. D. Fleming, "Emigre physicists and the biological revolution", in Donald Fleming and Bernard Bailyn (eds.), The Intellectual Migration: Europe and America, 1930-1960. (Cambridge: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1969) p. 156.
   
8. E. Schrödinger, What is life? (Cambridge: University Press 1944)
   
9. David A. Grandy, Leo Szilard: Science as a Mode of Being (Lanham, New York, London: University Press of America, Inc. 1996)
   
10. Alice Kimball Smith, "The elusive Szilard", Harper 1960 Aug.
    
11. Printed in Weart, Weiss Szilard, op. cit. p. 23.